North Fork Clear Creek (NFCC) receives acid-mine drainage (AMD) from multiple abandoned mines in the Clear Creek Watershed.
Point sources of AMD originate In the Black Hawk/Central City region of the stream. Water chemistry also is influenced by several non-point sources of AMD, and a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP).
In-stream conditions immediately downstream from point-source inputs result in a visual and rapid precipitation of hydrous iron oxides (HFO).
Hydrous manganese oxides (HMO) are seen to coat rocks further downstream during...
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