In the natural hydrologic cycle, surface and subsurface water in a watershed are closely related and interact with each other.
However, their relatrionships are affected by human activities. For instance, as the impervious area of a basin spreads due to urbanization, rainfall recharge into unconfined aquifers decreases and consequently the stream flood hazard increases.
By renovating channels for flood control, natural streams are reconstrcted into artificial channels. As a result, water exchange between stream and aquifer may be impacted and...
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