Watersheds are frequently used to study and manage environmental resources because hydrologic boundaries define the flow of contaminants and other stressors.
Ecological assessments of watersheds are complex because watersheds typically overlap multiple jurisdictional boundaries, are subjected to multiple environmental stressors, and have multiple stakeholders with diverse environmental and socioeconomic interests.
Ecological risk assessment (ERA) is an approach that has successfully been used to increase the use of ecological science in decision making, by evaluating the likelihood that adverse ecological effects...
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